The experimental device is a four dot qca cell with two electrometers. Design and implementation of feynman gate in quantumdot cellular automata qca md. Motivated by this observation, we begin an investigation of exactly unitary cellular automata. This research monograph focuses on the design of arithmetic circuits in quantum dot cellular automata qca. Each qca device cell consists of a bistable or tristable semiconductor molecular structure of quantum dots. A natural architecture for nanoscale quantum computation is that of a quantum cellular automaton. Molecular qca uses redox sites of molecules as quantum dots. Coulomb interactions provide devicedevice coupling without current flow. Investigations on the reduction of qca primitives majority gates and inverters for various adders are limited, and very few designs exist for reference. The use of a buried donor cellular automata system is also discussed as an architecture for testing several aspects of buried donor based quantum computing schemes. Among them, quantumdot cellular automata qca is one of the most.
Information is stored and processed by quantum dots, which are structures able to con. Quantum dot cellular automata qca is a transistorless computation paradigm that addresses the issues of device density and interconnection. Synthesizing energy minimizing quantumdot cellular automata. Quantumdot cellular automata represent binary information by charge configuration of cell. Download design of arithmetic circuits in quantum dot. Design and implementation of feynman gate in quantumdot. Design of efficient full adder in quantumdot cellular automata. This paper presents an experimental demonstration of a basic cell of the quantum dot cellular automata, a transistorless approach to computation that addresses the issues of device density, interconnection, and power dissipation.
Focus on the graphical user interface, which enables the user to construct, simulate and analyze structures. Physical systems proposed for qca include quantum dot arrays. Quantumdot cellular automata based digital logic circuits. An exact method for design exploration of quantumdot. Research in the fields of physics, chemistry and electronics has demonstrated that quantumdot cellular automata qca is a viable alternative for nanoscale computing. Future quantum computer 33 increasing the thickness of inas regrown layer to 1. It has attracted significant attention in the recent years due to. Design of arithmetic circuits in quantum dot cellular. Quantum dot cellular automata in detailed explained. Automatic cell placement for quantumdot cellular automata ramprasad ravichandran, nihal ladiwala, jean nguyen, mike niemier, and sung kyu lim college of computing, school of electrical and computer engineering.
Realization of a functional cell for quantumdot cellular. This possibility has led to the development of many nanoelectronic devices such as carbon nanotubes, single electron transistors, molecular transistors, and quantum dot cellular automata qca, among others. Electricfield inputs for molecular quantumdot cellular automata. As a replacement for cmos technology, quantum cellular automata was proposed by lent et al. Quantum cellular automata and free quantum field theory. Quantum computing with quantumdot cellular automata. Furthermore, this work may be extended to design other reversible qca gates. The quantum cellular automaton qca concept represents an attempt to break away from the traditional threeterminal device paradigm that has dominated digital computation. Pdf quantumdot cellular automata qca is a promising architecture which employs quantum dots for digital computation.
Inteernational journal of trend in sccientific r research and development ijt tsrd international open access journ nal issn no. Quantum dot cellular automata visit physics tomorrow webpage references. The advantages and limitations of this scheme over the more conventional quantum dot based scheme are discussed. Quantumdot cellular automata quantumdot cellular automata qca are a.
Nov 25, 2017 quantum dot cellular automata visit physics tomorrow webpage references. The complete state of art survey on qca is presented in this paper. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Nanoarchitecture of quantumdot cellular automata qca using. For qca each cell is a finitedimensional quantum system and the update rule is unitary. May 22, 2014 nanotechnology celebrates 25 years in an interview with the author of one of the most cited and downloaded papers. With a dot size of 20 nm an entire full adder would occupy only one.
Design of a cellular automata cell with rule 30 on quantum. Apr 16, 2012 quantum dot cellular automata are an interesting nanoscale computing paradigm. Conventional device physics is based on a free electron model which treats carriers in a material as if they were free electrons with a reduced effective mass which reflects the properties of the material. Quantumdot cellular automata serial decimal subtractors. Before discussing quantum dot cellular automata, it is worth discussing quantum dots and the confinement of electrons in the dots.
Beyond transistors supported by national science foundation. Quantum cellular automata qca are a quantization of classical cellular automata ca, ddimensional arrays of cells with a finitedimensional state space and a local, spatiallyhomogeneous, discretetime update rule. Citeseerx ram design using quantumdot cellular automata. The same name may also refer to quantum dot cellular automata, which are a proposed physical implementation of classical cellular automata by exploiting quantum. Quantum dot cellular automata qca is one of the important discoveries that is designed to be a successful alternative for cmos technology in the near future.
Binary multipliers on quantumdot cellular automata 543 our pipelined array multiplier. We then introduce the concept of a quantum cellular automata and the various interesting properties it displays. Qca is an abstract quantum computational nanotechnology based on fieldcoupled arrays of finitestate automata. In this paper we introduce qca logic gates such has qca inverter and qca majority gate. It is a revolutionary approach which addresses the issues of device density and. Published in 1993, it presented a specific model for. An elementary qca device called a cell is made from a system of coupled quantum dots with a few mobile charges. Quantumdot cellular automata qca is a promising architecture which employs quantum dots for digital computation. The device under study was composed of four metal dots, connected with tunnel junctions and capacitors, and operated at quantum cellular automata.
The first design leverages the complement addition method, while the second design uses the direct subtraction method. Quantumdot cellular automata, microelectronic engineering. Revised february 16, 1997 we discuss novel nanoelectronic architecture paradigms based on cells composed of coupled quantum dots. Quantum dot cellular automata qca is a promising architecture which employs quantum dots for digital computation. Since its early formulation in 1993 at notre dame university, the qca idea has received significant attention and several. Aug 05, 2016 in a series of recent papers it has been shown how free quantum field theory can be derived without using mechanical primitives including spacetime, special relativity, quantization rules, etc. We provide an introduction to quantum cellular automata.
Lent department of electrical engineering, university of notre dame, notre dame, indiana 46556 received 23 february 2000. Quantum dot cellular automata qca technology is one of the emerging technologies that can be used for replacing cmos technology. Research in the fields of physics, chemistry and electronics has demonstrated that quantum dot cellular automata qca is a viable alternative for nanoscale computing. Using the fact that the 3input majority gate is a primitive in qca, the book sets out to discover hitherto unknown properties of majority logic in the context of arithmetic circuit designs. Energy dissipation dataset for reversible logic gates in quantum dot. Introduction a nanoelectronics technology that would enable device scal ing down to molecular levels will almost certainly entail a. Computer science and engineering,y electrical engineering university of south florida, tampa, florida.
A near zeroenergy computation using quantumdot cellular. Defect properties and design tools for quantum dot cellular. This article describes the qca implementation of the basic reversible gate such as. Quantum dot molecules for quantum cellular automata. The implementation of io interface in quantumdot cellular.
This repository contains everything related to my phd thesis. The basic building blocks of the qca architecture, such as and, or, and not are presented. Latex source files directory tex graphics directory gfx graphs directory plots numerical data to produce the graphs directory experiments ipython notebooks which generate the graphs from the data directory. Quantum dot cellular automata qca is an approach to computing which eliminates the need for transistors by representing binary digits as charge configurations rather than current levels. Quantum dot devices and quantum dot cellular automata wolfgang porod department of electrical engineering, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556, usa received june 26, 1996. Pdf an introduction to the operation of quantumdot cellular automata is presented, along with recent experimental results.
Synthesizing energy minimizing quantumdot cellular automata circuits for vision computing accepted for publication in ieee conference on nanotechnology, 2005 sudeep sarkar. In quantum cellular automata we explore one such paradigm which has shown quite some potential over the past decade. Quantum computing with quantumdot cellular automata using. Quantum dot cellular automata qca, a novel computing paradigm with cellular automata, is an emerging technology with the characteristics such as high speed, low power consumption and high density. Quantum cellular automata world scientific publishing. By applying a set of simple layout rules, arbitrary circuits can be made using qca cells. This paper designs and simulates a cellular automata ca cell with rule 30 on quantum dot cellular automata qca.
Automatic cell placement for quantumdot cellular automata. The proposed subtractors are compared to the existing quantum dot cellular automata decimal adders. Various logical circuits have hitherto been studied, while as a bridge of cpu and its peripheral devices, io interface is unexplored to date. Dec 29, 2012 two designs for quantum dot cellular automata serial decimal subtractors are proposed for a nanocomputer. A design tool for ternary quantumdot cellular automata core. Theory, experimentation and prospects massimo macucci editor the quantum cellular automaton qca concept represents an attempt to break away from the traditional threeterminal device paradigm that has dominated digital computation.
The 5bit johnsonmobius code is used to encode decimal digits. A coherence vector formalism is used to describe quantum computing with quantum dot cellular automata, and the realizations of basic quantum gates are also discussed. Further downscaling of cmos technology becomes challenging as it faces limitation of feature size reduction. Twolayer synchronized ternary quantumdot cellular automata. The quantum dot molecules consist of 1012 dots surrounding each. This paper addresses the qca background, its possible implementation and available simulation and synthesis tools. Lent university of notre dame molecular quantumdot cellular automata qca. For your thesis study the existing tools for simulating ternary quantum dot cellular automata and design software equipment for visual designing of such systems. Quantum dot cellular automata qca, a potential alternative to cmos, promises efficient digital design at nanoscale. Characterizing quantum dot cellular automata overview. Quantum dot cellular automata qca is a novel and potentially attractive technology for implementing computing architectures at the nanoscale. One common issue with these nanoelectronic devices is that many manufacturing defects are likely to occur.
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